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・ Lordship of Bowland
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Lordship of Hummel
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Lordship of Hummel : ウィキペディア英語版
Lordship of Hummel

The Lordship of Hummel () is a historic landscape zone in the western part of the former County of Kladsko ((ドイツ語:Grafschaft Glatz, Schlesien)), then part of Bohemia, now in Silesia, Poland.〔Dr. Dieter Pohl (9 April 2007), ( Kultur und Geschichte der Grafschaft Glatz, Schlesien. ) ''See also:'' ( Google translate. )〕
== The Hummel Castle ==
The focus of the Lordship of Hummel was (the no-longer existing) Hummel Castle,〔 located on a mountain above the valley of the Bystrzyca Dusznicka river, approximately 3 km west of Duszniki Zdrój (Dušníky, Bad Reinerz). Due to its geographical location, it secured the important road from Prague via the Hummel Pass to Kłodzko (Kladsko, Glatz) and Wrocław (Breslau, Vratislav), the so-called ''Poland Route''. Hummel Castle was called in (ドイツ語:Landfried) until the 15th century. In 1427, it was conquered by the Hussites, who used it as a base for their attacks on Kladsko Land and neighbouring Silesia. During this period, the German name ''Landfried'' was replaced by the Czech name ''Homole''. After 1560 the castle was uninhabited and dilapidated. Elector Palatine Otto Henry, Elector Palatine had skeches of the castle made during his journey from Neuburg an der Donau to Cracow in 1536. These sketches are the only surviving pictures of the castle before its destruction.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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